First genetic characterisation of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Algeria

Feriel Bouziane (1) , Rachida Allem (1) , Mohammed Sebaihia (1) , Sylvain Kumanski (2) , Faiza Mougari (2, 3) , Wladimir Sougakoff (4, 5) , Laurent Raskine (2) , Djamel Yala (6) , Emmanuelle Cambau (2, 3)

1 UHBC - Université Hassiba Ben Bouali de Chlef
2 Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP]
3 IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137) - Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution
4 CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP]
5 CIMI - Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses
6 Institut Pasteur d'Algérie

Objectives: To characterise the genotypes of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolated in Algeria, where there is a low MDR-MTB incidence rate. Methods: Ten MDR isolates and one resistant to isoniazid were investigated by PCR-Sanger sequencing for 10 loci involved in resistance. Amplicon-based next generation sequencing (NGS) of 15 loci was additionally performed on isolates harbouring novel mutations. Results: Sanger and amplicon-NGS provided the same results as with GenoType kits. Mutations known to be associated with resistance were described for most isolates: rpoB S531L in seven of 10 rifampicin-R MTB isolates, katG S315T in nine of 11 isoniazid-R, and promoter inhA c-15t in three of 11, embB M306V or M306I in two of two ethambutol-R, rpsL K43R in four of eight or rrs a514c associated with gidB L16R in streptomycin-R, gyrA A90V in the ofloxacin-R pre-XDR isolate. New and rare mutations were also described in rpoB (deletion 512-513-514), katG (S315R, M126I/ R496L), gidB (V124G, E92A, V139A, G37V), and gyrA (P8A). Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat (MIRU-VNTR) profiles were similar for three isolates (lineage Cameroon), indicating a possible clonal diffusion in epidemiologically unrelated patients. Conclusions: Resistant MTB isolates in Algeria harbour resistance genotypes similar to other countries, but some rare patterns may result from selection and transmission processes inherent to the country.

Mots clés: Algeria; Multidrug-resistant; Mutation; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Next generation sequencing (NGS)-amplicon

Domaines: Bactériologie

Feriel Bouziane, Rachida Allem, Mohammed Sebaihia, Sylvain Kumanski, Faiza Mougari, et al.. First genetic characterisation of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Algeria. Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance, 2019, 19, pp.301-307. ⟨10.1016/j.jgar.2019.05.010⟩. ⟨hal-03127466⟩